No. The heat energy extracted from the contents of the fridge is radiated out the back. Additionally, the compression /pumping system will be less than 100% efficient - energy will be lost in the form of heat. Therefore, there is a net output of heat. As the fridge is left open, the warm air mixes with the cool air inside the fridge, and the internal thermostat will detect that more cooling is needed - consequently the fridge will keep running and keep warming up the room.